Newton's Laws
"Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon." "The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed." "To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts." |
Big Ideas
- Force causes changes in motion.
- The net force on an object is the sum of all forces acting on it
- When the net force on an object is zero, it either rests or moves in a straight line at constant speed (Newton’s 1st Law)
- When the net force on an object is nonzero, it accelerates in the direction of the net force (Newton’s 2nd Law). a = F / m
- No force stands alone, it is always accompanied by an equal, opposite, and simultaneous force (Newton’s 3rd Law)
Learning Standards
Warm-Ups
- N1: Identify the visible and invisible forces acting on an object, and determine the total (net) force on the object.
- Notes: The 7 major forces
- Worksheet: Representing Forces
- Worksheet 2: Drawing Force Diagrams
- Worksheet: Net Force and FBDs
- N2: Apply Newton’s 1st Law, Inertia, to explain and predict the behavior of objects in equilibrium (when their net force is zero).
- Notes: Pre-conceptions about motion
- Lab: Smart Ropes
- Video Analysis: Overcoming Inertia:
- N3: Apply Newton’s 2nd Law, F = m a, to explain and predict the behavior of objects when their net force is nonzero.
- Lab: Force, Mass, and Acceleration
- Inquiry Activity: Do heavy objects fall faster than light objects?
- Demo: The Newtonian Shot
- Worksheet: Newton's 2nd Law and FBDs
- Video Analysis: Red Bull Stratos
- Worksheet: Skydiving
- N4: Apply Newton’s 3rd Law to explain and predict the interaction between two objects by identifying the pair of action-reaction forces between them.N5: Use the engineering design process to optimize the flight of a bottle rocket
- Notes: Cornell Notes - Hewitt 6.1-6.5
- Worksheet: Newton's 3rd Law
- Review Questions: Bottle Rockets & Newton's 3 Laws
- N5: Use the engineering design process to optimize the flight of a bottle rocket
- Engineering project: Bottle Rocket testing and design challenge
Extras
Red Bull Stratos Video
Brainiac Video: Galileo vs. Aristotle
Brainiac Video: Galileo vs. Aristotle